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Janus Henderson Quick View: The Fed’s September decision – separating the data from the sideshow

Head of Global Short Duration and Liquidity Daniel Siluk, while recognizing that the Federal Reserve (Fed) had room to cut rates, wants to hear more about how it can square higher inflation expectations with a more dovish policy trajectory.

Daniel Siluk is Head of Global Short Duration & Liquidity and a portfolio manager at Janus Henderson Investors, a role he has held since 2024. From 2009, Daniel was portfolio manager at Kapstream Capital, a subsidiary of Janus Henderson Investors, which acquired Kapstream in 2015. Prior to this, he served as manager of investment analytics at Challenger, a position he held from 2007 to 2009. While there, he provided attribution and risk metrics for the firm’s internal funds management business as well as their boutique partnerships, which included Kapstream. Before Challenger, he spent four years in London, where he implemented and tested attribution and risk systems for Insight Investment, the funds management arm of Halifax Bank of Scotland, and Northern Trust.

Daniel received a bachelor of applied finance degree from Macquarie University. He has 22 years of financial industry experience.

If one were looking to be entertained by high drama during the past month, rather than tuning into the latest Netflix hit, they could, instead, have clicked on a finance website to keep tabs on the build up to this week’s Fed meeting, with its revolving cast of characters and complex plot twists. In the end, however, the market got what it should have expected all along: A garden-variety conclave where evolving data dictated a garden-variety 25 basis point (bps) rate cut, resulting in a 4.00% to 4.25% band for the benchmark overnight lending rate.

Ever since it paused rate cuts after its December 2024 meeting, the Fed’s rhetoric has centered on the tension between the two components of the central bank’s dual mandate: full employment and price stability. Developments over the past several months, including material downward revisions in payrolls growth and tariffs not sending inflation on a higher trajectory (yet), presented the Fed room to modestly ease still restrictive policy.

While lagging employment and inflation data seemed to validate this decision, those looking for palace intrigue may have noticed the curious – perhaps cognitive – dissonance between the decision to cut rates and a more bullish Summary of Economic Projections which called for higher economic growth and inflation in 2026 along with a slightly lower unemployment rate. While Chairman Jay Powell, in the occasional unsteady performance that the market has come to expect, did not provide an elegant argument squaring this, the Fed likely deserves the benefit of a doubt that political influence was not a factor. After all, the possible successors to Mr. Powell on the open market committee were on board with the decision, leaving the recently inserted understudy, Stephen Miran, as the only dissenter as he opted for a 50-bps reduction.

An evolving – but still resilient – economic backdrop

The state of the U.S. economic expansion has come under question in recent months. Perhaps the major culprit was the downward revision of roughly 900,000 payroll gains in the 12 months through March 2025. This sent the period’s monthly average from a healthy 154,000 to a less healthy 80,000. Furthermore, monthly job gains since April have averaged a paltry 53,000. As Chairman Powell rightfully pointed out, however, payrolls are presently being impacted not only by demand factors but also an unprecedented supply shock due to the Trump administration’s forceful immigration policies.

This shift in labor market dynamics has resulted in a unique situation where jobs could be softening at the same time inflation is proving it’s far from vanquished. The Fed’s preferred gauge of core prices – excluding food and energy – rose from 2.6% in April to 2.9% in July. One argument for this week’s cut is that an overnight lending of 4.5% was well above core inflation, denoting restrictive policy. A rejoinder from the relatively quiet hawkish camp could have been that inflation remains far from the Fed’s 2.0% baseline for price stability. Similarly, market-based expectations based on Treasury inflation protected securities (TIPS) predict inflation averaging 2.47% and 2.39% over the next five and 10 years, respectively. Even the Fed raised its own 2026 core inflation estimate from 2.4% to 2.6% despite somewhat dubiously expecting it to recede to 2.0% only two years later.

Exhibit 1: Fed’s “Dot Plot” survey

Despite seeing economic growth and inflation ticking higher in 2026, the Fed lowered its much-watched “dots” survey of its projected interest rate path for the next two years.

Source: Bloomberg, Janus Henderson Investors, as of 17 September 2025.

What’s worth watching

Part of the reason the Fed chose to halt rate cuts last December was anticipation of the incoming Trump administration’s pro-growth – and potentially inflationary – policies. Among these were deregulation, tax reform and, yes, tariffs. Thus far, companies have been able to either absorb or spread out the tariff hit to where imported goods prices have risen less than expected. To be determined is whether the levies result in a one-off resetting of price levels or trade barriers dampen the competition among companies that tends to benefit consumers. What the Fed wants to avoid, perhaps above all else, is expectations for inflation becoming entrenched well above its 2.0% target.

Unlike 2024 when concerns about slowing growth precipitated 100 bps of rate cuts, with the exception of a clouded labor market, the U.S. economy appears to be on sound footing. Evidence of this is found in a resilient consumer. After its first-quarter hiccup, personal consumption in the second quarter resumed its role in being a key contributor to gross domestic product (GDP). Based on the Atlanta Fed’s GDP Now tracker, this trend has continued deep into the current quarter.

Exhibit 2: GDP

As was the case with second-quarter GDP growth, the Atlanta Fed’s GDP Now tracker shows consumption for both services and goods remaining buoyant in the third quarter.

Source: Bloomberg, Atlanta Federal Reserve Bank, Janus Henderson Investors.

Signals from the corporate sector also hint at a continuation of the U.S. economic expansion. Earnings forecasts that tend to reflect underlying economic strength indicate stable growth over the next two years. Company managers are echoing the market’s view in earnings guidance. The predictive power of earnings should hold special sway in the current environment as companies must account for both the appetite of customers to consume and how tariffs may impact operating margins.

Sourcing the right kind of risk, in the right place

With this meeting, the Fed has charted a path for modestly more dovish policy over the next 15 months – and possibly beyond. Given the central bank’s practice of telegraphing policy so as not to catch the market off guard, much of the appreciation associated with a resumption of rate cuts was already reflected in bond prices. While a welcome development – as long as it doesn’t correspond with a rapidly deteriorating economy – compressed yields do present a challenge for investors. We are nowhere near the reach-for-yield era of the 2010s but low rates and rich corporate bond valuations may compel some investors to either extend duration or increase exposure to lower-quality borrowers to compensate for falling yields. We caution against either of these tactics.

Clearly the pendulum has swung away from price stability and toward full employment. But investors should never lose sight of the deleterious effects that inflation can have on fixed income securities, and with the inflation question far from settled in the U.S., we don’t think extending duration in the country to capture incremental yield is worth the risk.

To compensate for lower U.S. yields, investors concerned about generating attractive income and diversifying against riskier assets should seek to expand their fixed income universe. Five years on from the depths of the pandemic, monetary policies have diverged. This creates opportunities for investors to source duration in markets where rates are still likely to fall and increase exposure to more cyclical corporate credits in regions where the hard work of righting the economic ship has already occurred.

 


Janus Henderson Key risks & Disclaimers:

The views presented are as of the date published. They are for information purposes only and should not be used or construed as investment, legal or tax advice or as an offer to sell, a solicitation of an offer to buy, or a recommendation to buy, sell or hold any security, investment strategy or market sector. Nothing in this material shall be deemed to be a direct or indirect provision of investment management services specific to any client requirements. Opinions and examples are meant as an illustration of broader themes, are not an indication of trading intent, are subject to change and may not reflect the views of others in the organisation. It is not intended to indicate or imply that any illustration/example mentioned is now or was ever held in any portfolio. No forecasts can be guaranteed and there is no guarantee that the information supplied is complete or timely, nor are there any warranties with regard to the results obtained from its use. Janus Henderson Investors is the source of data unless otherwise indicated, and has reasonable belief to rely on information and data sourced from third parties. Past performance does not predict future returns. Investing involves risk, including the possible loss of principal and fluctuation of value.

Janus Henderson Investors is the name under which investment products and services are provided by the entities identified in the following jurisdictions in Europeby Janus Henderson Investors International Limited (reg no. 3594615), Janus Henderson Investors UK  Limited (reg. no. 906355), Janus Henderson Fund Management UK Limited (reg. no. 2678531), (each registered in England and  Wales at 201 Bishopsgate, London EC2M 3AE and regulated by the Financial  Conduct Authority), Tabula Investment Management Limited (reg. no. 11286661 at 10 Norwich Street, London, United Kingdom, EC4A 1BD and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority) and Janus Henderson Investors Europe S.A. (reg no. B22848 at 78, Avenue de la Liberté, L-1930 Luxembourg, Luxembourg and regulated by the Commission de Surveillance du Secteur Financier).

 

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