Liontrust GF High Yield Bond Fund is manufactured by Liontrust Fund Partners LLP and represented in Malta by MeDirect Bank (Malta) plc.

On the third anniversary of the GF High Yield Bond Fund, manager Donald Phillips explains why high yield bonds should be viewed as an evergreen asset that can offer income generation across different market conditions.

It’s been a long time since an investment in a government bond has been about income, such is the nature of today’s extremely low and often negative yields. This artificial environment, accentuated by regulation and central bank policy, has also had a major impact on corporate bonds. Income-seeking bond investors may well feel as disappointed by the level of reward available from lending to companies as they do to governments.

That’s the bad news. The good news is that high yield corporate bonds remain a healthy source of income.

We think of it as an evergreen asset class; medium to long-term investors have tended to make positive returns, even when the starting point in yield has been lower than the long-term average. The following table shows the returns on a three-year investment in the market at previous low points in market yield. If an investment in a high yield fund can generate over 4% a year over the next three years, this is likely to look very attractive when compared with other investment options.

High yield is an excellent income generating asset class which is more blue chip than perhaps people give it credit for. The high yield bonds we own have a higher average market capitalisation than the FTSE 100 index. Due to its ‘junk’ nickname, high yield can often be approached with some reticence. This label stems from a period in the early 1990s when capital allocation was not at its most diligent, while also reflecting its technical classification of capturing everything that fails to make it into the investment grade categorisation. It doesn’t, however, chime with the positive developments in the asset class seen in the last 30 years.

Naturally, defaults are a part of the high yield market, as are occasional bouts of volatility. What’s important to remember is that high yield consists of a large pool of companies making interest payments (coupons), and these provide the vast majority of returns. In fact, over the very long term, more than 100% of the total return is income from coupons.

The following chart shows how the price element of the high yield return is affected by periods of market volatility and also tends to slide into negative territory over time as company defaults occur. However, the income component of returns tends to more than make up for this. Moreover, after the widespread concern over company dividends that were such a feature of the market volatility in 2020, its worth remembering that coupon payments, unlike dividends, are not optional and rank higher in priority for payment should a company run into difficulty.

While the high yield segment of the bond market promises an uplift on the anaemic income returns on offer from government bonds and much of the investment grade universe, it doesn’t mean accepting equity-like risk. The high yield market has a long track record of producing less than half the drawdown of the equity market. The following chart illustrates this point going back to the 1970s, with the notable exception of the period in the early 1990s when the market suffered a bubble.

While we have shown that the income component of high yield returns is paramount, the key to unlocking the best returns from the asset class is to avoid companies that default on their debts. We target a quality bias towards the more creditworthy borrowers through a combination of fundamental research of individual corporate bonds and avoidance of thematic, cyclical sector risks.

To judge whether a company’s bonds are an attractive long-term investment, our fundamental analysis looks at the following factors, which we call our PRISM framework:

• Protections – operational, the quality of the business and industry, and contractual, such as structure and covenants
• Risks – credit, business and market
• Interest cover, leverage and other key ratios
• Sustainability, of cash flows and environmental, social and governance (ESG) factors
• Motivations of management and shareholders, which is crucial in understanding the balance of interests and how this impacts creditors and is why you will find a large proportion of public market-listed companies in our Funds.

The high yield index can often suffer a negative risk bias: those companies and sectors that borrow the most also have a higher weight within the index. Heavily indebted sectors, particularly if they are cyclical, can represent factor risks within bond indices that shouldn’t be ignored in the name of managing index relative risk. For example, energy is a big component of the market (around 13% of the US index). There is a high correlation amongst all constituents to one external factor – the oil price. It is not good diversification, in our view, to run a passive or index-hugging portfolio on this basis. Instead, we believe that seeking out companies with idiosyncratic risk and avoiding large accumulations of thematic, cyclical risk is the best way to achieve good long-term outcomes within high yield.

In summary, large parts of the fixed income spectrum are simply too expensive to justify investment. High yield offers lower yields than it has done historically, but we believe it can earn investors a decent relative return in the years ahead. For those who can accept some volatility – albeit much less than equity markets – in return for enhanced expected returns, perhaps high yield bonds offer the answer.

Liontrust Key risks & Disclaimers:

Past performance is not a guide to future performance. Do remember that the value of an investment and the income generated from them can fall as well as rise and is not
guaranteed, therefore, you may not get back the amount originally invested and potentially risk total loss of capital. The issue of units/shares in Liontrust Funds may be subject
to an initial charge, which will have an impact on the realisable value of the investment, particularly in the short term. Investments should always be considered as long term.

Investment in the GF High Yield Bond Fund involves foreign currencies and may be subject to fluctuations in value due to movements in exchange rates. The value of fixed income
securities will fall if the issuer is unable to repay its debt or has its credit rating reduced. Generally, the higher the perceived credit risk of the issuer, the higher the rate
of interest. Bond markets may be subject to reduced liquidity. The Fund may invest in emerging markets/soft currencies and in financial derivative instruments, both of which may
have the effect of increasing volatility.

Issued by Liontrust Fund Partners LLP (2 Savoy Court, London WC2R 0EZ), authorised and regulated in the UK by the Financial Conduct Authority (FRN 518165) to undertake regulated
investment business.

This document should not be construed as advice for investment in any product or security mentioned, an offer to buy or sell units/shares of Funds mentioned, or a solicitation
to purchase securities in any company or investment product. Examples of stocks are provided for general information only to demonstrate our investment philosophy. It contains
information and analysis that is believed to be accurate at the time of publication, but is subject to change without notice. Whilst care has been taken in compiling the content
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Always research your own investments and (if you are not a professional or a financial adviser) consult suitability with a regulated financial adviser before investing.

MeDirect Disclaimers:

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inaccurate or misleading. This information is being distributed by MeDirect Bank (Malta) plc to its customers. The information contained in this document is for general information
purposes only and is not intended to provide legal or other professional advice nor does it commit MeDirect Bank (Malta) plc to any obligation whatsoever. The information available
in this document is not intended to be a suggestion, recommendation or solicitation to buy, hold or sell, any securities and is not guaranteed as to accuracy or completeness.

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performance figures quoted refer to the past and past performance is not a guarantee of future performance or a reliable guide to future performance. Any decision to invest
should always be based upon the details contained in the Prospectus and Key Investor Information Document (KIID), which may be obtained from MeDirect Bank (Malta) plc.